What does Akt pathway mean?
protein kinase B
The Akt signaling pathway or PI3K-Akt signaling pathway is a signal transduction pathway that promotes survival and growth in response to extracellular signals. Key proteins involved are PI3K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) and Akt (protein kinase B).
What does the PI3K pathway do?
PI3K-Akt Pathway is an intracellular signal transduction pathway that promotes metabolism, proliferation, cell survival, growth and angiogenesis in response to extracellular signals. This is mediated through serine and/or threonine phosphorylation of a range of downstream substrates.
What is Akt and pAkt?
pAkt is the active form of Akt. An increase in the pAkt/Akt ratio means that the protein is active and that probably the PI3K/Akt pathway is active. pERK/ERK is the same thing but in this case it is indicative of the MAPkinases pathway activity.
Is Akt membrane bound?
Membrane binding is required and sufficient for Akt phosphorylation on T308 and S473, which is essential for Akt activity (Alessi et al., 1997, Sarbassov et al., 2005).
What happens when you inhibit PI3K?
Inhibition of PI3K can result in both decreased cellular proliferation and increased cellular death [8].
How does Akt activate mTOR?
The known pathway by which Akt activates mTOR is via direct phosphorylation and inhibition of tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), which is a negative regulator of mTOR.
What is mTOR function?
Function. mTOR integrates the input from upstream pathways, including insulin, growth factors (such as IGF-1 and IGF-2), and amino acids. mTOR also senses cellular nutrient, oxygen, and energy levels.
Is Akt an enzyme?
RAC(Rho family)-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AKT1 gene. This enzyme belongs to the AKT subfamily of serine/threonine kinases that contain SH2 (Src homology 2-like) protein domains.
Is PI3K a transcription factor?
PI3K–AKT signals control several growth-regulatory transcription factors by both activating and inhibiting gene expression.