What is an apical thrombus?
For the purpose of this paper our definition of an apical mural thrombus is a distinct mass of echoes, most commonly seen in the apex throughout the cardiac cycle, and in more than one view. Mural thrombi are most commonly seen between six and 10 days following an acute myocardial infarction (MI).
What causes an apical thrombus?
A Virchow’s triad of factors – reduced ventricular motion, local myocardial injury and hypercoagulability/stasis of flow contribute to formation of LV thrombus. Reduced ventricular contractility – Blood stagnation in the weak non-contractile segment of the ventricle plays a major role in formation of thrombi.
How is LV thrombus treated?
Intravenous thrombolysis has also been used for treatment of documented LV thrombus. In a report of 16 patients with LV thrombus on echocardiography, urokinase was infused intravenously at a rate of 60 000 U/h for 2–8 days in combination with intravenous heparin (200 units/kg×12 h).
What is an intracardiac thrombus?
Abstract. Background: Intracardiac thrombus is a common cause of cardiogenic cerebral ischaemia. Stroke recurrence is high, but thrombus detection with therapeutic intervention can reduce the risk. Accurate detection requires transoesophageal echocardiography (TOE), which is semi-invasive and costly.
What does LVF stand for in medical terms?
Left ventricular failure
LVF: 1. Left ventricular failure, failure of the left side of the heart. 2. Left ventricular function, the function of the left ventricle. In both of these senses, LVF is in contrast to RVF (right ventricular failure or function).
How is LV thrombus diagnosed?
Standard transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is typically the screening modality of choice for LV thrombus detection and should be performed within 24 hours of admission in those at high risk for apical LV thrombus (e.g., those with large or anterior MI or those receiving delayed reperfusion).
How long do you treat LV thrombus?
LV thrombus can lead to arterial embolic complications such as stroke. Patients with LV thrombus or those at high risk for development of this complication should receive anticoagulation for at least three months.
How long does it take for an LV thrombus to dissolve?
The LV thrombus size was reduced in 121 (76.1%) cases with total resolution in 99 (62.3%) within a median of 103 days (interquartile range, 32-392 days).
How common is left atrial appendage?
The left atrial appendage (LAA) is a finger-like extension originating from the main body of the left atrium. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common clinically important cardiac arrhythmia, occurring in approximately 0.4% to 1% of the general population and increasing with age to >8% in those >80 years of age.